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Keywords

disinfection, E. coli, sanitation

Abstract

Following an in vivo animal challenge experiment, 44 pens, which had previously individually housed pigs inoculated with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F18 (ETEC), were assigned to one of four sanitation treatment protocols. Pens were assigned to treatment in a randomized complete block design over three separate days of cleaning and disinfection. There were 11 replicates per treatment, and the pen served as the experimental unit. Within each pen, five sampling locations included the feeder lip, exterior of the stainless-steel feeder, center of the metal flooring, flooring in the corner of the pen, and a solid plastic pen divider on the corner wall. Treatments included: 1) hot water (HW, 138.6°F) pressure washing followed by Synergize (1:256), 2) cold water (CW, 73.8°F) pressure washing followed by Synergize, 3) HW pressure washing followed by Virkon S (1:128), 4) pre-treatment of BarnStorm (1:64) then HW followed by Synergize. Synergize, Virkon S, and BarnStorm applications all had ≥ 10 min contact time. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence sampling was taken before and after sanitation treatment at each sampling location within the pen (UltraSnap surface ATP test and Luminometer, Hygenia, Camarillo, CA). No significant sanitation treatment × sampling location interactions were observed. Pens treated with HW followed by Virkon S showed a reduction (P < 0.001) in ATP compared to other sanitation treatments. Differences in residual surface ATP were observed between sampling locations (P < 0.001), with the highest residual levels post-sanitation detected on the feeder lip and the lowest on the solid plastic pen divider on the corner wall. These results suggest that pressure washing with HW followed by disinfection with Virkon S was the most effective protocol of those evaluated for reducing surface ATP in swine housing facilities contaminated with ETEC. The feeder lip is the most difficult area to sanitize, highlighting that differences in accessibility and surface type affect cleaning efficacy.

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