Effect of Sulfate or Hydroxychloride Forms of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Growth Performance, Weight Variation, Carcass Characteristics, and Economics of Grow-Finish Pigs

Authors

Hilario M. Cordoba, Kansas State University, ManhattanFollow
Jason C. Woodworth, Kansas State University, ManhattanFollow
Robert D. Goodband, Kansas State University, ManhattanFollow
Joel M. DeRouchey, Kansas State University, ManhattanFollow
Mike D. Tokach, Kansas State University, ManhattanFollow
Jordan T. Gebhardt, Kansas State University, ManhattanFollow
Chris P.A. van de Ligt, Selko USA, Indianapolis, IN

Keywords

carcass characteristics, finishing pigs, hydroxychloride minerals, growth performance

Abstract

A total of 1,026 grow-finish pigs (337 × 1050 PIC; initially 57.2 ± 0.73 lb) were used in a 124-d trial to compare sulfate and hydroxychloride forms of Zn, Mn, and Cu on growth performance, carcass characteristics, weight variation, and economics of grow-finish pigs. Pigs were housed in mixed gender pens with 27 pigs per pen and 19 pens per treatment. The treatments were structured as a completely randomized design and consisted of a control diet containing 150, 16, and 110 ppm of Cu, Mn, and Zn, respectively, from sulfate sources or the same inclusion provided by hydroxychloride sources. Experimental diets were corn-soybean meal-DDGS-based and fed in meal form in phase 1 from 57 to 110 lb, phase 2 from 110 to 165 lb, phase 3 from 165 to 220 lb, and phase 4 from 220 to 300 lb. In the grower period (57 to 173 lb), there was a tendency (P= 0.052) to improve F/G when sulfate Mn, Zn, and Cu were fed. In the finisher period (d 61 to 124), pigs fed hydroxychloride mineral sources had improved (P= 0.041) ADG. For pig body weight variability, there was no evidence of differences (P≥ 0.10) on the coefficient of variation between treatments. Pigs marketed at the end of the study which were fed hydroxychloride sources tended to have greater HCW (P= 0.054) compared to sulfate sources, but no evidence for differences (P≥ 0.10) were found in any other carcass trait at any marketing event. There was a tendency (P= 0.088) to reduce feed cost per lb of gain when using sulfate sources compared to hydroxychloride forms; however, IOFC was not impacted by mineral source (P>0.10). In conclusion, these data suggest there were no differences in pig weight variability, overall pig growth performance, or carcass characteristics between mineral sources.

Recommended Citation

Cordoba, Hilario M.; Woodworth, Jason C.; Goodband, Robert D.; DeRouchey, Joel M.; Tokach, Mike D.; Gebhardt, Jordan T.; and van de Ligt, Chris P.A. (2023) "Effect of Sulfate or Hydroxychloride Forms of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Growth Performance, Weight Variation, Carcass Characteristics, and Economics of Grow-Finish Pigs," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 9: Iss. 7. https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8535